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1992, Hoffard et al. Many leaf lesions can disfigure leaves and stunt growth when disease pressure is high. 1993, Daughtrey and Hibben 1983). 1992. This pathogen overwinters in diseased shoots, releasing spores during spring bloom. During that period, the number of plots with severe epidemics (more than 25 percent of foliage blighted) increased by 638 percent. One of the very common diseases of dogwood trees is the dogwood anthracnose which is caused by the fungus Discula sp. the RHS today and get 12 months for the price of 9. 1995. 4). Ammirati. It is also an important disease of Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) in the West. Dogwood anthracnose has been reported on over 12 million acres in 180 counties (Anderson et al. RHS members can get exclusive individual advice from the RHS Gardening Advice team. Symptoms . Infections cause dead blotches on leaves and die-back of young stems. 1988. Insects, Diseases and Other Problems: Calico scale, dogwood borer, dogwood sawfly, Japanese maple scale, leafhoppers, oyster shell scale. Leaves may wither, turn brown and remainattached to the twigs (Figure 4). 2015-41595-24254 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. All varieties of the native flowering dogwood (Cornus florida. 76:915-918. Join the RHS today and support our charitable work, Keep track of your plants with reminders & care tips – all to help you grow successfully, For the latest on RHS Shows in 2020 and 2021, read more, RHS members get free access to RHS Gardens, Free entry to RHS members at selected times », Reduced prices on RHS Garden courses and workshops, General enquiries Spores are spread by wind to surrounding dogwoo… Cornus kousa 'Steeple', a … References Cited Environmental factors influence dogwood’s susceptibility to the disease. 1994. A particular variety of Cornus florida that has been bred for, among other qualities, its resistance to dogwood anthracnose and powdery mildew, the Appalachian spring dogwood blooms every spring with gorgeous white bracts surrounding yellow flowers. Leaf spots vary according to light exposure. 1992. The fungus Discula destructiva causes extensive damage in North America to the native Cornus species, which are an important landscape feature. Their loss could hasten soil acidification, reduce nutrient availability, and influence numerous ecological relationships (Daughtrey and Hibben 1994). All the reddish spots on these flower bracts are due to anthracnose. The infection is manifested in the form of leaf spots and stem cankers. The fungus Elsinoë cornicauses a spot anthracnose primarily on Cornus florida. Southern Region. 222879/SC038262, Bark cankers have been reported on susceptible, There is anecdotal evidence that the disease varies in severity from year to year, so raking up and destroying infected leaves may be helpful in reducing the amount of infection in the following year, Choose resistant species. Fungal disease of flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) and Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) trees (Daughtrey et al. 1994). Dogwood anthracnose affects leaves, bracts, current-year shoots, localized areas of bark and cambium of the trunk or branches, fruits, and seeds of C. florida (Britton et al. Jay W. Pscheidt, 2010. While the symptoms are similar, the fungi that cause the disease are different from host to host. For this reason, ornamentals grown in open, sunny sites are often disfigured without being killed. Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. Byther, R.S. OSU Plant Clinic Image, 2010. Chemicals: using safely and effectively 1983. Daughtrey. Regeneration can be eliminated in some areas. Images of dogwood anthracnose symptoms. Researchers also speculate that climatic changes and droughts may have predisposed trees to infection, thus causing coincidental outbreaks in the Northeast and the Pacific Northwest (Anderson et al. 1980. Plant Disease. All the reddish spots on these flower bracts are due to anthracnose. Disease severity within infected areas also has increased rapidly. Although the origin of dogwood anthracnose is unknown, the results of DNA analysis combined with its rapid spread have led many to conclude it was introduced (Daughtrey et al. 1996). In the past, anthracnose was the most serious disease of dogwoods in the landscape and our forests but it is now less common. It is a list of products currently available to the home gardener. p. 42. Host Plants: Dogwood anthracnose infects flowering ( Cornus florida) and Pacific dogwoods ( C. nuttallii ). 1996). Brown. Trees that survive one or more seasons of severe anthracnose usually have swollen areas on trunks and branches where cankers were enveloped by new tissue (Daughtrey and Hibben 1994). Brown … The causal agent is the fungus Discula destructiva, and as the name suggests, this pathogen is highly destructive. It was first observed in 1976 affecting a population of Cornus nuttallii in Washington state (Byther and Davidson 1979). Discula sp. There are no fungicides available to amateur gardeners with specific recommendations for use against cornus anthracnose. Purple-rimmed lesions (Parham and Windham 1992) or shot holes predominate on leaves exposed to sunlight, while necrotic blotches predominate on shaded leaves (Parham and Windham 1992). U.S. Forest Service Protection Report R8-PR 23. Dogwood anthracnose (Discula destructive) is a damaging and destructive disease that affects various dogwood species. Finding the disease distinct from other Discula spp. Decline. Chellemi, D.O., K.O. RHS Garden Hyde Hall Spring and Orchid Show, Free entry to RHS members at selected The decline of dogwood populations resulting from dogwood anthracnose has several serious impacts in the Southern Appalachians. 2 and 3), (2) shot holes, (3) necrotic blotches at the leaf tip or along the blade periphery, or (4) blight of the entire blade (Hibben and Daughtrey 1988) (Fig. It infects and kills the leaves and young shoots of some North American Cornus species (dogwoods). Cause & Disease Development Spot anthracnose is caused by the fungus Elsinoe corni. Swank. You may see the following symptoms: On leaves: Spots and blotches of dead tissue appear. In general, damage is most severe at elevations above 3,000 feet, where forest and ornamental dogwoods may be eliminated. Anthracnose is a term applied to an array of fungal diseases that affect shade trees. Dogwood (Cornus spp.)-Anthracnose. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 77: 34-37. Photo by Ralph S. Byther. Effects of tree placement on dogwood anthracnose severity and lesion growth rates in urban landscapes and wooded areas. Britton et al. Ornamentals Northwest Newsletter. 1996) Knighten, M. Windham, K. Langdon, F. Hendrix, R. and Roncadori. Dogwood anthracnose: A new disease threatens two native Cornus species. 77:34-36. dogwood that was infected with both diseases and were also inoculated artificially with spores of D. destructiva. Hoffard, W.H., D.H. Marx, and H.D. 1). None of the taxa were found to be immune to dogwood anthracnose, yet there was considerable variation in resistance to the disease. 020 3176 5800 1994. 3(2):20-21. Dogwood Anthracnose is a very common and visually unappealing disease to which the Cornus florida is extremely susceptible. The disease kills dogwoods of all sizes, but it is most severe on young seedlings. 1992). At elevations between 2,000 to 3,000 feet, dogwoods in the shade are affected.

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