As seen in patients 3 and 6, a proximal complement inhibitor, such as danicopan, may prevent breakthrough hemolysis precipitated by the vaccine; however, it is equally possible that the stronger immune response after the second vaccine dose was primarily responsible for the breakthrough hemolysis in patient 3. The question of a possible relationship between blood type and disease risk has been a topic of active research since early in the pandemic. You might run a fever and experience body aches, headaches and tiredness for a day or two. Side effects in adults >55 after Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (second dose) Pain at injection site (66.1%) Fatigue (50.5%) Headache (39.0%) Muscle pain (28.7%) Chills (22.7%) Joint pain (18.9%) Fever (10.9%), diarrhea (8.3%) and vomiting (0.7%) were also reported. Another recently published study, this time co-authored by Canadian Blood Services chief scientist, Dr. Dana Devine, revealed that people with blood groups A or AB were more likely to have a severe case of COVID-19 compared to those with O or B type blood.4. The latest Omicron COVID-19 vaccine may lead to similar side effects caused by earlier versions, which include injection site pain, fatigue, fever and more. Blood types are split up into four major groups, all dependent on the presence or absence of two specific antigens on the surface of the blood: A and B, according to the American Red Cross. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists risk factors that have been identified for developing severe COVID-19, and blood type does not appear. It's important to note that individuals will react to these bivalent booster vaccines differently while the most common side effect is pain or swelling at the injection site, many people may feel more severe side effects, and unique combinations of the symptoms listed above. Those two factors make up the eight most common blood types: A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, and AB-. But because reinfection is possible and COVID-19 can cause severe medical complications, it's recommended that people who have already had COVID-19 get a COVID-19 vaccine. On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . Based on the currently available evidence, specific risk factors have not been confirmed, the EMA said. Jason DelCollo, DO, is a board-certified medicine physician and associate faculty member at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. In populations at high-risk for exposure, such as healthcare workers, essential workers, and people exposed to a known case of the disease, the O blood type had an even greater protective effect. "People with type O blood may be more susceptible to norovirus," said infectious disease expert Amesh A. Adalja, MD, senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. Chills. These include: chills fatigue fever. Redness and swelling at the . Early reports that some people had severe allergic reactions, particularly to the Pfizer jab, led the UKs Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to offer new recommendations, including that anyone receiving the Pfizer jab be monitored for 15 minutes after the event. "The resulting brownie is the same, though.". Building E23 But no vaccine is 100% effective, so some people who are fully vaccinated might still become infected with COVID-19 and get sick. Recent research is suggesting that your blood type may affect your risk of getting COVID-19 and could influence the severity of the disease. This information is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional or any information contained on or in any product label or packaging. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Medias Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions. "This is a similar process that we go through with our annual influenza vaccination.". aNHS preincubated with and without S1 was added to the erythrocytes. What are the common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine? Korin Miller is a freelance writer specializing in general wellness, sexual health and relationships, shopping, and lifestyle trends, with work appearing in Womens Health, Self, Prevention, Forbes, Daily Beast, and more. "There's a fairly decent amount of existing literature beyond SARS-CoV-2" that certain blood types can play a role in disease risk and severity, says Joel Ray, M.D., a clinician scientist and professor at St. Michael's . Muscle aches. Ray JG, Schull MJ, Vermuelen MJ, Park A. Adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and absolute risk differences (ARDs) were adjusted for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. MF 8 a.m. 8 p.m. Perhaps having both anti-A and anti-B antibodies gives type O individuals the ability to minimize the disease. "There's no way for us to predict how somebody is going to respond, but we know that the spectrum of severity is the same as what we've seen with original vaccines," Dr. Martinello adds. Deep, healing sleep, reducing stress, walking or other forms of gentle exercise, plus pampering yourself, are important for helping to create a robust immune system. So far, most of the cases reported have occurred in women under 60 years of age within two weeks of vaccination. This "Covid arm" rash can be red, itchy, swollen, or painful. Furthermore, among ongoing clinical trials of immunotherapy using convalescent plasma or of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the interaction between participant blood groups and therapeutic efficacy could be measured.. This content is for informational and educational purposes only. The MHRA noted 79 cases of blood clots with low platelets, including 19 deaths, following more than 20m doses of the AstraZeneca jab. 15 Ravulizumab, a new C5 inhibitor with a half-life 4 times longer than eculizumab, is reported to have significantly fewer instances of pharmacokinetic breakthrough hemolysis. Experts aren't expecting a dramatic shift in side effects triggered by new COVID-19 bivalent booster vaccines targeted toward Omicron spread. Patients were identified based on self-report of receiving the vaccine. You may have heard that blood type matters when it comes to contracting COVID-19. But how? Published online November 24, 2020. doi:10.7326/M20-4511, Latest News Your top articles for Saturday, Continuing Medical Education (CME/CE) Courses. She presented to a local hospital, where she was noted to have a 3 g/dL hemoglobin decrease and received 2 units of packed red blood cells. For some people, the second [] Thank you for submitting a comment on this article. denotes no information is available; AST, aspartate amino transferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; N/A, not applicable; RBC red blood cell. We call this the viral load. In populations at high-risk for exposure, such as healthcare workers, essential workers, and people exposed to a known case of the disease, the O blood type had an even greater protective effect, reducing the risk of acquiring the virus by 19 percent. - Conference Coverage Annex V Still, the study authors wrote, "the impact of blood type on clinical outcomes remains unclear. Should you eat before? "As an individual, you have your blood typethere's nothing you can do about it.". Those with A or AB type blood also tended to stay longer in the hospitals intensive care units (ICU). Copyright 2023 by American Society of Hematology, Aplastic anemia, transfusion dependence, microvascular small bowel thrombosis, renal failure, smooth muscle dystonia, Transfusion dependence, hemoglobinuria, smooth muscle dystonia, Hemoglobinuria, fatigue, extravascular hemolysis with transfusion dependence on C5 inhibition, Last dose ravulizumab prior to vaccination, Fever, myalgia, headache, fatigue, hemoglobinuria, Fever, fatigue, dark urine, vomiting, diarrhea. Data are shown as mean standard error of the mean of duplicate wells. While it's always helpful to know your blood type, most people won't necessarily need to know that information. You also shouldn't expect a lighter immune response, either. And people with some blood disorders like sickle cell disease are resistant to malaria, added Dr. Adalja. My understanding is that people withTypeO blood are less susceptible than people with other blood types. In April, researchers at Columbia University reported similar risks associated with Type A blood after blood-typing more than 1,500 New Yorkers and testing them for COVID-19. One theory is that antibodies may play a role. We will all continue to inform you, the public, that theres more to do than washing your hands and wearing a mask. COVID-19 vaccine side effects can vary depending on a person's age, sex, or health. They noted that this area also includes a genetic variant associated with increased levels of interleukin-6, which plays a role in inflammation and may have implications for COVID-19 as well. Each jar of cultured veggies you make is brimming with immune-boosting potential. Not necessarily. Scientists have readily admitted that this particular batch of bivalent vaccines, targeted towards BA.4 and BA.5 sub-Omicron variants, have yet to be studied in humans officially. In addition, the risk of needing intubation was decreased among A and increased among AB and B types, compared with type O. As a whole, experts recommend that peopleregardless of blood typekeep following CDC guidelines to prevent the spread of COVID-19. the white blood cell production increases, as it does during an infectionor as our immune system learns how to fight a . These findings, completed in two months under very . This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. In the case of the two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, well over 90% of people immunized developed the protective adaptive immune response while fewer than 50% developed any side effects, and most were mild. Why? Some of the blood clots were an unusual type of blood clot in blood vessels that drain blood from the brain called a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The analysis turned up gene variants in two regions of the human genome that were associated with severe illness and greater risk of COVID-19-related death. Researchers found no link between blood type and COVID-19 risk, adding that more research was needed on the topic. A Top Derm Explains, 35 of the Smartest Fast-Food Choices You Can Make, Easy Brain Exercises to Boost Your Memory, Why We Should All Be Eating More Buckwheat, COVID-19 Emergency Funding Is Coming to an End. While the distribution of blood types is different in New York City than in Wuhan and Shenzhen, after controlling for other risk factors, they found that individuals with Type A blood were 34 percent more likely to test positive for the coronavirus, while having Type O or AB blood was associated with a lower probability of testing positive. The other common side-effects the muscle aches, flu-like illness and fatigue are probably due to generalised activation of the immune system caused by the vaccine. What Are Side Effects of the COVID-19 Vaccines? Can COVID-19 Cause Diabetes? Some previously young, healthy people who have developed COVID-19 have suffered strokes, possibly due . Your friend would have a worse case of COVID-19 because they were infected with more virus. If your clinician has ordered medically necessary blood typing for you in the past, the result would be available in your patient portal. In patients with severe disease, deposition of terminal complement and microthrombosis have been observed in the lung, skin, kidney, and heart.14 Recently, we demonstrated that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein leads to amplification of the alternative pathway of complement on cell surfaces through competition with complement factor H (CFH) for binding heparan sulfate.5 Thus, in vitro, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can convert an inactivator surface to an activator surface on nucleated cells. For the most up-to-date information on COVID-19, please visit online resources provided by the CDC, WHO, and your local public health department. The first study, conducted by Danish researchers, analyzed data from more than 473,000 people tested for COVID-19 with data from a control group of more than 2.2m non-tested people. S.C. has served on advisory boards for Alexion and Sanofi-Genzyme, and her institution has received research funding on her behalf from Takeda. But recently, the genetics company 23andMe revealed preliminary data from their own study showing that a persons blood type, which is determined by the ABO gene, appears to affect susceptibility to coronavirus. However, cases remain very rare: the MHRA noted 79 cases of blood clots with low platelets, including 19 deaths, following more than 20m doses of the AstraZeneca jab, with 44 of the cases and 14 of the deaths related to a rare type of blood clot in the brain called cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) that occurred with a low platelet count. Donnas note: Personally, I think these cautions are incomplete. and elicited consistent side effects as compared to other COVID-19 vaccines, according to Dr. Martinello. Patients 5 and 6 received both doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine without clinical or laboratory signs of hemolysis. Following his second dose, he noted fevers, diarrhea, vomiting, severe fatigue, and dark urine. Using this data, 23andMe launched their COVID-19 Severity Calculator last year. VITT seems to occur five to 13 days after vaccination with the J&J or AstraZeneca-Oxford shots - after the normal vaccine side effects have . Patient 2 is a 45-year-old man with a 20-year history of PNH. As more information about the coronavirus pandemic develops, some of the information in this story may have changed since it was last updated. "At the end of the day, we're still not sure if blood type makes a difference," said Dr. Russo. No new safety signals have been identified during this reporting period. All readers/viewers of this content are advised to consult their doctors or qualified health professionals regarding specific health questions. "We all recognize that we're not the same, but we have not been able, on a genetic basis, very often, to determine whether certain people with certain genes are more or less susceptible to get an infection if they're exposed to a germ," said William Schaffner, MD, an infectious disease specialist, and professor at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. Of course, its not just as simple as saying that anyone with an O blood type has a lower risk of dying of COVID-19.