By extension, might I assume that global warming began in 38? margin-left: 6px; Realizing that punching all the TVs in the world wouldnt save the giraffes, he set out to document his story of how two giraffes changed his life forever. A charming and wondrous enchantment of a novel Sunday, February 14, 2021 Michelle Newby Lancaster HISTORICAL FICTION Lynda Rutledge West with Giraffes: A Novel Lake Union Publishing Hardcover (also available as an e-book, an audiobook, on audio CD, and in paperback), 978-1-5420-2174-6, 356 pgs., $24.95 February 1, 2021 Virginia Beach: The Donning Company. 2 vols. Local Woman Names Newly Arrived Giraffes. Escondido (CA) Times-Advocate (October 28, 1938): 6. Browse all issues of Life Magazine in full color and search the full text through Google Books. . I absolutely loved this book! Seattle, WA: Lake Union Publishing. There is no real bluffing and nothing underhanded between Charley Smith and me nor is there between any of us; we are all working for one end, here in the Zoo, though perhaps by different methods. Now the incident is under review. Schroeder was a former zoo veterinarian at the San Diego Zoo and would later become the zoos director after Benchley retired in 1953. When, finally, I can bear the silence no longer, I let him know that I must have news. 'jetpack-lazy-images-js-enabled' He called me pickle puss and remembered me when I brought my 4 children to meet him. A treasure for sure. The "Teenie Weenies" cartoons enchanted readers of all ages for more than 50 years. Total cost of the storm for the East End of Long Island alone was estimated to be $6.2 million (1938) Almost 50 . Americas First Zoostory: 125 Years at the Philadelphia Zoo. My Grandparents had a Farm in Northern Vermont. -moz-box-shadow: none; . border: none; Lofty and Patches became national figures when they made the last lap of the journey from south eastern Africa a transcontinental trip from New York by truck. /* If html does not have either class, do not show lazy loaded images. The first giraffes could be seen in Central Park in 1872 and in Philadelphia in 1874, and the first baby giraffe in captivity was born in Cincinnati in 1889. Thank you Lynda Rutledge for researching this story and writing this wonderful fictionalized account!! Apparently they subsisted on pancakes that the cook made for them for three days until they got to shore. img#wpstats{display:none} It's also a coming of age story that demonstrates the positive influence caring friends and gentle animals can have on a young man's life. Estimates vary, but at least 400 people died that day andmaybe as many as 800. Im so happy that I found this website to answer my questions about this great book. New York: Scribner. We had us an adventure, didnt we, Woody Nickel? ship I am getting all chocked up and tearing ..I LOVED THIS BOOK SO MUCH ! 1944. This is one of the most unusual and heartwarming road-trip/animal adventure/love stories I have ever read. [], [] Sailing master Joseph Kemp compared the Portland Gale to the Great Hurricane of 1938. They find it in two giraffes who miraculously survive a hurricane while crossing the Atlantic. Lion Country . Loading them was no one-day job and in the melee, Patches (Mrs. giraffe), kicked Smith down more than once. Is there any talk of turning this into a movie? *Estimated delivery dates - opens in a new window or tab include seller's handling time, origin ZIP Code, destination ZIP Code and time of acceptance and will depend on shipping service selected and receipt of cleared payment. But getting Mr. (And New York would not experience one as destructive until Hurricane Sandy in 2012.) They prepared to transport the animals across the country to San Diego, in the tall, oddly shaped crates that had been custom built for the purpose. Hitler is threatening Europe, and world-weary Americans long for wonder. Those Giraffes, caught in a storm that killed hundreds of people, were en route to San Diego, California, and the storm was only the beginning of their cross-country journey.Show more, Check out our new community for fans and supporters! West with Giraffes is an endearing, and also heart-rending piece of historical fiction. I have some books printed the next year , with 100s of picture , tv, nh, ri, and ct I have a book for each. The 1938 New England Hurricane (also referred to as the Great New England Hurricane and the Long Island Express Hurricane) [1] [2] was one of the deadliest and most destructive tropical cyclones to strike Long Island, New York, and New England. As they neared the eastern coast of the U.S., the ship was thrashed about in a hurricane, tumbling their crates and washing all their food overboard! She indeed fills our imagination with a journey full of colorful characters, tall tales, and deep secrets. Red paper hearts, ribbons and Kewpie dolls were just the thing for Valentines Day entertaining 100 years ago. First pair of giraffes, "Lofty" and "Patches," arrive at the Zoo in 1938 (see photo, right). Giraffes. Thank you for this! I was 7 yrs old and I remember getting out of school late afternoon. Along with the rhino, the food for the giraffes was lost as well. I refuse to give out any spoilers about the novel, but I encourage you to pick it up. According to the National Weather Service,a storm surge of 12 to 15 feet destroyed most coastal homes, yacht clubs and marinas on Narragansett Bay. I dont want this story to evaporate from my memory. The Northern Kraft Paper Mill in Howland, Maine. It destroyed cemeteries, slammed boats into shore, uprooted entire orchards and smashed structures into splinters. The 1938 New England Hurricane made landfall near Bellport on Long Island, New York, and again near Milford and New Haven, Connecticut. Wisconsin Historical Society Archives, 4th Floor, Madison, Wisconsin. margin: 0; At 12:30 PM, a 30-foot bank of what looked like fog rolled in toward Long Island. I can see this made into a movie one day. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. The accomplishment topped off what turned out to be a very successful year for the zoo. Use the links below to plan your visit to the Society's Archives. 27 febrero, 2023 . The original caption reads: "7 negatives of D-40 International sold to San Diego zoo to transport 2 giraffes across the continent from New York. Sherr, Lynn. } Listen 4:55. It turned out to be the storm surge, topped by waves 30 and 50 feet high. cursor: pointer; I have been recommending it to everyone! My Mother remembers a tree falling through their roof in North Conway, NH. A woman stands on the running board of an International D-40 truck to feed a captive giraffe in transport. Could not imagine the river that high. Marianne Williamson begins longshot 2024 challenge to Biden, A SoCal cocaine kingpin will do way less time behind bars than anticipated, Proposed bills could lead to more people being forced into mental health treatment, Column: Padres struggles renew rumors of poltergeists in Peoria, San Diego Sports Curse, Padres notes: Juan Soto to be held out of weekend games; veteran pitcher Julio Teheran makes push, Appreciation: David Lindley, dead at 78, an arresting music great who was nearly arrested on stage in San Diego. } She also had a vocabulary that she kept in reserve that the [former] circus men could understand. The keepers came to call her Boss. She let them know that she admired their work, and responded to her with both respect and affection. she was such a sweet grandmotherly type. Two-thirds of the boats in New Bedford Harbor sank. Thank you again. This story was updated in 2022. As the ocean waves began surging into the house, Catherine Moore recalls her father bracing against the front door literally trying to hold back the ocean. By clicking "BUY" you agree to our Terms of Use. It's hard to imagine a time when most of the population had never seen a giraffe. It's 1938The Great Depression lingers. Images in the Public Domain are carefully selected and provide illustration. Looks like a granny, dresses like a schoolmarm, swears like a sailor, and still charms snooty zoo galoots with their fancy educations. Rutledge even includes reference to Benchleys encounter with an escaped baboon. The great hurricane of 1938, which hit on September 21, was the first major hurricane to strike New England since 1869. I highly recommend the book: Sudden Sea by R. A. Scotti. The Great Depression lingers. Ever wonder why beer is so popular in Wisconsin? 1. In the eastern part of the state, a fire started in Newport among fallen timber from the 1938 hurricane around Tonomy [], [] This story was updated in 2019. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel Publishing. http://www.philbowie.com, [] The Great Hurricane of 1938destroyed nearly all the buildings in the seaside village of Sakonnet Point in Little Compton, R.I. [], [] Great 1938 Hurricane created several ghost towns along the coast. .printfriendly { unlike almost every other reviewer, i could put the book down without any trouble. As soon as Smith had apprised Belle Benchley of the giraffes poor condition, Benchley contacted Dr. Charles Schroeder from the Bronx Zoo to assess her condition. Location: Urban Jungle. . Clinics then ran out of typhoid vaccine. I too felt the love for the giraffes and all animals really. You can purchase the bow tie worn in this episode at The Tie Bar: lofty and patches giraffes 1938. the rig, the Old Man, and the giraffes were more homeand more familythan any home Id ever had. The stormblew down so many trees that paper mills processed them for nine years. As they neared the eastern coast of the U.S., the ship was thrashed about in a hurricane, tumbling their crates and washing all their food overboard! The Great New England Hurricane of 1938 - Damage Photos Weather.gov > New York, NY > The Great New England Hurricane of 1938 - Damage Photos Current Hazards Current Conditions Radar Forecasts Rivers and Lakes Climate and Past Weather Local Programs The Great New England Hurricane of 1938 82nd Anniversary - September 21, 1938 On September 21, 1938, one of the most destructive and powerful hurricanes in recorded history struck Long Island and Southern New England. Determined to meet his cousin at that Brooklyn dock, he arrived only to find that his cousin was killed on board the Goodfellow during the hurricane. } Weakened by age, racing against a clock, hallucinating, writing long hand, I could not believe that a writer would include details about billboards, flying birds, the physical look of hotels and camp grounds. This book has a special place in my heart. It then took two years for the 50 CCC camps and 15,000 WPA workers in the region to finish the job. And in Vermont, the storm caused a train derailment and uprooted maple trees and apple orchards. My family always talked about the 38 Hurricane. Recently, one particular work of historical fiction captured my interestthe fact that the title contained the word giraffes certainly helped, but upon reading the description I discovered that its based on actual events revolving around the San Diego Zoo in 1938. The storm hit seven days after I was born in Northampton, Mass. 1938 hurricane giraffes. The first book I have read by this author and I really enjoyed the topic, the setting and the giraffes!! San Diego, already a world-class zoo, opened their WPA-constructed Reptile House and a zoo caf. Prior to becoming head keeper at the San Diego Zoo, he had been with the circus since he was eleven years old, including sixteen-year gig as the lead keeper of the Ringling Bros. circus. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. After three days of being fed pancakes (and the giraffes are indeed fed pancakes at one point in the novel), she mustered up the energy to pull herself up. Footage of two giraffes transported on the highway before they died 22,066 views Aug 5, 2014 20 Dislike Share Save Alberton Record 941 subscribers This incident caused a stir on social media,. They talked about the bridges that had washed away. As the country teeters between a depression and Europes looming war, a pair of giraffes, survivors of a hurricane at sea, left a wake of much-needed cheer while driven cross-country to the San Diego Zoo, where lady zoo director Mrs. Belle Benchley awaited. Find The History Guy at:New community! mastro's downtown los angeles opening date. Giraffe. Those Giraffes, caught in a storm that killed hundreds of people, were en route to San Diego, California, and the storm was only the beginning of their cross-country journey. Kraft, Joy W. 2010. Join my Locals community for exclusive content at. z-index: 1000; position: relative 670 views, 48 likes, 3 loves, 2 comments, 12 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from The History Guy: In 1938, the merchant steamer SS Robin Goodfellow was caught in the Great New England Hurricane. Reporters in the cities and towns theywent through wrote amusing anecdotes about seeing them on the road, the giraffes peering out of their tall windows at the scenery and cars around them. Woody Nickel is 105 years old when he hears the news that giraffes may be going extinct. The Great 1938 Hurricane crossed over the tip of Long Island, slammed into New London and raced up the Connecticut River Valley at 50 miles per hour. The storm soaked an unknown number of pants. display: inline; Hitler is threatening Europe, and world-weary Americans long for wonder. If you like history too, this is the channel for you. The three older kids were in school and my mom had to get them out to go home. There is not a man now on the animal staff who is not in the work because he would rather be in it than anywhere else in the world, and because he feels that his contribution is important to the Zoo and to the community. According to Ken Stott, a former San Diego Zoo curator, . It is clear from Belle Benchleys memoir that she had a wonderful relationship with many of her keepers, particularly Charley Smith. Around 60 people died on Long Island - 29 of them at or near Westhampton Beach. text-decoration: none; When the storm finally abated they tried to get her out of what was left of her crate, but they were not successful. It destroyed cemeteries, slammed boats into shore, uprooted entire orchards and smashed structures into splinters. 1923 campaign for safe and sane driving in San Diego urged citizen vigilance in reporting traffic violations. A giraffe could look into a second-story window without even having to stand on its tiptoes! -moz-box-shadow: none; One of the aspects of the novel I enjoyed the most was the depiction of Belle Benchleysweet but tough, and highly respected. .printfriendly.pf-aligncenter { Woody happens to be standing nearby when a cargo ship that had two giraffes aboard (who were bound for the San Diego Zoo), arrives at shore after disastrous damage to the ship. With thanks to The Great Hurricane: 1938 by Cherie Burns. With horrible writing. To view this image, visit the Archives Research Room on the 4th floor at the Society Headquarters building in Madison, WI. At 8:15 pm electric power went out and with it the fire . Vol. One of the giraffes is hurt and the cage is crushed around her. I hope to die there, I do. Write by: . Who was the editor on this one? How I got into. Its closest relative is the okapi. The miracle giraffes who survived the killer hurricane on the high seas had to make their way the flooded and blocked streets of Manhattan today in order to get to the United States Bureau of Animal Industry Quarantine Station in Athenia, New . Genome Reveals Clues to Giraffes' "Blatantly Strange" Body Shape. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), his wish for giraffes at the National Zoo, https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ship/3298.html, https://library.sandiegozoo.org/sdzg-history-timeline/#1930, http://timeline.sandiegozoo100.org/1930/1930-3/, https://www.sandiegozoo100.org/100-animals/lofty-and-patches, https://www.sandiegozoowildlifealliance.org/timeline/1938/1938/, https://issuu.com/sdzglobal/docs/march_zn. Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal, https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger, https://www.facebook.com/TheHistoryGuyYT/, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4sEmXUuWIFlxRIFBRV6VXQ?sub_confirmation=1, https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-guy. West with Giraffes is a Lovely Book based on real life events, about an orphaned teenager who ends up driving two giraffes across the USA to the San Diego Zoo in 1938. Photo courtesy Archives and Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut Libraries. Visit our other Wisconsin Historical Society websites! There the family stepped back on to land and back into their lives. .figcaption {font-size: 75%;} } Erosion from the Great 1938 hurricane. West with Giraffes. On. Nothing worked until, after a couple of hours, he tried an onion. Karie, I just finished West with Giraffes. No one thought of padding their stalls, and they learned bout mal de mer during the last days of the voyage when the big September storm swept the Atlantic coast. Making The History Guy takes time, effort, and equipment. My Dad lived through this storm in Westport Mass. Lynda Rutledge, a lifelong animal lover, has had the joy of petting baby rhinos, snorkeling with endangered turtles, and strolling with a tower of giraffes as a freelance journalist while winning awards for her fiction. -webkit-box-shadow: none; Author Lynda Rutledge found inspiration for this story while browsing the San Diego Zoo archives and includes a number of the original articles in her book. One of the 19,000 buildings destroyed by the hurricane. After loading the giraffes onto the truck, they headed to the U.S. War, recession and lousy farmland created other ghost [], [] would ever be picked and that no ax ever be used. 2015. As the truck finally reached the San Diego Zoo entrance on October 17, 1938, the nearly unthinkable had been accomplished. This book stays in my library for later rereading. In the novel, Woody is able to stop chasing the truck as, after much begging and pleading, he is offered the driving job by Old Man after a falling out with Earl. . } That is when he locks eyes with the giraffes (Boy and Girl). They never have kept house together before, and just o make sure they do not kick the daylights out of each otherand make the Zoos $7500 investment worth no more than the current quotation on dead giraffesthe animals were shown to separate apartments for the time being. Cincinnati. Cross Country. In 1938, the merchant steamer SS Robin Goodfellow was caught in the Great New England Hurricane. So preciousIt reminded me of my days at the St Louis Zoo and Bill Ross the elephant man. I Has it been made into a movie, or any chance it might be? Images in the Public Domain are carefully selected and provide illustration. Wisconsin history is full of breweries and beer. The storm, which originated near the Cape Verde Islands and had previously intensified to a Category 5 hurricane near the Bahamas, pummeled Southern New England with sustained hurricane-force winds and caused . February 27, 2023 alexandra bonefas scott No Comments . Survivor. Two giraffes (later to be called Lofty and Patches) travelled to New York surviving a hurricane at sea. Pictures taken just after unloading from ship.". But that was only the beginning of their long journey, as they had to undergo . Copyright 2023 The History Guy. Another awesome animal book! It's 1938. Hitler is threatening Europe, and world-weary Americans long for wonder. Original giraffe caravan photo from "The New York Sun" 1938 Rutledge had to grasp what it was like to live during the Great Depression and Dust Bowl, with the physical problems and racial situations, to create realistic characters. I had read about the true story of the famous hurricane giraffes when I conducted research for my story on Belle Benchley, but I thank Lynda Rutledge for writing this work of fiction, which left me with the desire to learn more about them. As a travel writer she loved the idea of a road trip. Behind the wheel is the young Dust Bowl rowdy Woodrow. Imagine waves so severe that a rhino is tossed overboard. The blurb describes this book so accurately, that I don't want to repeat it. He has often bragged, When the Missus gets tired of waiting for me to write she just burns up the wires. vertical-align: middle; Thank you for sharing it the magic of googling. 2016. Brooklyn Bridge. Riley Jones is hired to handle the giraffes and get them across the country. 1999. On board the ship were some unique passengers: two Giraffes. Afterward, the hurricane left only three. For the in-depth story, see The San Diego Zoo: The Founding Era, 1916-1953 Three giraffe subspecies are housed at the San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park (as of July 2016; Amanda Lussier, personal communication): After 12 days, before it could reach the Bahamas, it turned northward, skimming the East. I absolutely loved this book. From the Archives: Chinese spy balloon sparks echos of Japanese balloon bombs during WWII. In 1938, the merchant steamer SS Robin Goodfellow was caught in the Great New England Hurricane. No images or content are primarily intended to shock and disgust. As one of the most costly hurricanes to hit the U.S. mainland, it caused damage later estimated at $308 million. Im so glad you enjoyed it! The trials and hardships of an old man, a young man, and a dreamy eyed girl are laid out for all to breath in through the action, imagery, and emotion of life during the hardest of times. We were on the water with the waves crashing over us, and part of the house still attached, one of the walls still attached to this piece of floor, and it almost acted as a sail.. Woodrow Wilson Nickel, aka Woody Nickel, almost 18, happens to be on a New York dock in 1938 when the hurricane-battered SS Robin Goodfellow limps into the harbor. Red was an aspiring photojournalist trying to sell her giraffe story to Life magazine. Those Giraffes, caught in a storm that killed hundreds of people, were en route to San Diego, California, and the storm was only the beginning of their cross-country journey. This is a good book for the whole family to read. [], [] three other Category 3 hurricanes since the colonists arrived: the September Hurricane of 1869, the Great New England Hurricane of 1938 and Hurricane Carol in [], [] Coventry. By 4 pm, one of the most powerful and destructive hurricanes ever to hit Southern New England made landfall between Bridgeport andNew Haven, Conn. Great 1938 hurricane storm surge. If you like history too, this is the channel for you. Published September 20, 2017 at 11:17 PM EDT. It was a wonderful novel. President Franklin Roosevelt ordered theCivilian Conservation Corpsand theWorks Progress Administrationto clean up the mess. (At over 100 years old, our elderly narrator is compelled to tell his story before it is too late.). Cleaning up timber damaged by the Great 1938 Hurricane took years. The story begins with a centenarian named Woodrow Wilson Woody Nickel sitting in his nursing home watching a TV documentary on the near extinction of giraffes and other endangered species in Africa. Even today, the numbers are startling. Rhode Island got battered by the Great 1938 Hurricane. What happened on that ship during the storm is almost too crazy to be true. Parts of Falmouth and New Bedford, Mass., were submerged under eightfeet of water. */ 1997. train station pub happy hour 1938 hurricane giraffes. Theyve seen the world. Upon hearing that the giraffes were bound for San Diego, Woody became determined to follow them to the land of milk and honey and begin a new life. From 5 p.m. to 9 a.m., we rebroadcast the morning and afternoon stream. In 1938, the merchant steamer SS Robin Goodfellow was caught in the Great New England Hurricane. 1940. Benchley preferred to transport the giraffes by vehicle so that they could stop as deemed necessary to nourish and rest the animals. Sixty years ago this week, the San Diego AeroSpace Museumrenamed the San Diego Air & Space Museum in 2006opened to the public in Balboa Park. I learned to expect it, he said yesterday, but I never learned to like it.. I remember water lines painted on telco poles along the Merrimack river. She had red curls all over her head, a fiery halo of raging waves she surely battled into submission every morning, and she was wearing trousersthe first woman Id ever seen doing so in real life. Just when Woody thought this crazy girl had stopped following them, the green Packard would come roaring into view. Found your piece on the Giraffes through researching the question So, is it true? as our Buddy read group was working its way through West with Giraffes by Lynda Rutledge. The History Guy: History Deserves to Be Remembered is the place to find short snippets of forgotten history from five to fifteen minutes long. If you love history, this is the channel to support! The giraffes arrival made the front page of The San Diego Union, Oct. 25, 1938. The National [], The Great 1938 Hurricane, A Once-In-A-Lifetime Storm, Cherie Burns. The XVIII Winter Olympics opened in Nagano, Japan 25 years ago. To see newsreel footage of the Great 1938 Hurricane, click here. Begin or dive deeper into researching your family tree, Learn about the spaces, places, & unique story of your community, The largest North American Heritage collection after the Library of Congress. In 1938, America was looking for a feel-good tale to help them through the threat of Hitler in Europe and the continuing Great Depression. However, as soon as she was upright the crew could see that her left rear ankle was severely injured. No images or content are primarily intended to shock and disgust. Not a favorite. Peter Haden / WLRN. In 1938, the San Diego Zoo acquired two giraffes from east Africa. All the kids screaming,its the end of the world.. https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com/This is original content based on research by The History Guy. According to Benchley, Our relations as Boss and Man-Friday are ludicrously funny, and when he thinks he is working for me I am overjoyed. In 1938, there was a terrible hurricane that caused massive destruction to New York. I seldom read books more than once, but this one I will return to again in the future! Boston: Little, Brown and Co. Croke, Vicki. The storm totaled about 26,000 automobiles and blew over 20,000 electrical poles. Charles A. Smith, head keeper at the zoo, was putting in that time devising ways and means of getting them into crates and on to a San Diego city truck for the last lap home. No images or content are primarily intended to shock and disgust. As one of the most costly hurricanes to hit the U.S. mainland, Cleaning up timber damaged by the Great 1938 Hurricane, How the 1st Storm Chasers Saved New England From the 1944 Great Atlantic Hurricane - New England Historical Society, Flashback Photos: When Downtown Department Stores Spelled Christmas - New England Historical Society, The Heroic Rescue of the Pendleton Crew, 1952 - New England Historical Society, 6 Hollywood Stars Buried in New England - New England Historical Society, Six Historic Apple Orchards - New England Historical Society, Six Historic Post Offices - New England Historical Society, Six Autumn Paintings of New England (And How They Look Today) - New England Historical Society, Six New England Ghost Towns - New England Historical Society, Six Breathtaking National Natural Landmarks - New England Historical Society, The High Tide Storm of 1723 Strands Puritans in Their Meeting Houses - New England Historical Society, The Portland Gale of 1898, and the Cat that Saved a Life - New England Historical Society, Hurricane Carol, So Deadly Her Name Was Retired - New England Historical Society, The Great September Gale of 1815 - New England Historical Society, Four Days in May: The 1942 Rhode Island Forest Fires - New England Historical Society, Hercules Had It Easy Compared to the Great 1938 Hurricane Tree Cleanup - New England Historical Society, Sept-21, 1938: The Most Powerful Hurricane in New England History Today Past, In Search of the Roosevelt Outhouse in New England - New England Historical Society. could that giraffe have been a descendant of Lofty and Patches? Charley Smith was certainly the man for the job. The giraffe is in a large crate on the bed of the truck which appears to be inside a building. How do you mess up a story about two giraffes, an orphaned boy, a hurricane, and a cross country trip? } Also, it's well researched with a "Historical Notes" section at the end that's informative and the research is never heavy-handed within the text.
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